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3.
Rev. esp. quimioter ; 35(4): 401-405, ag. - sept. 2022. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-205387

RESUMO

Introducción. Desde que aparecieron los primeros casosde SARS-CoV-2 son numerosas las técnicas que se han desarrollado para el diagnóstico o seguimiento de la infección,tanto técnicas directas como serológicas. La elección de unabuena herramienta diagnóstica es fundamental para el controlepidemiológico. El objetivo ha sido comparar cinco técnicascomercializadas de RT-PCR a tiempo real, en sensibilidad, especificidad y concordancia para la detección del SARS-CoV-2.Material y métodos. Se compararon cinco kits comerciales de RT-PCR para la detección del SARS-CoV-2. Se tomaronocho muestras positivas conocidas que se sometieron a sietediluciones o concentraciones diferentes y otras 135 muestrasnegativas para determinar valores de sensibilidad, especificidad y concordancia.Resultados. La sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivopositivo (VPP) y valor predictivo negativo (VPN) para las técnicas de Palex, Roche y GeneXpert respecto a Seegene fueronidénticas, correspondientes a 98,21%, 100%, 100% y 99,26%respectivamente. Para Becton Dickinson la sensibilidad fue del89,28%, la especificidad del 100%, el VPP del 100% y el VPNdel 95,74%. La concordancia mediante el índice Kappa paraPalex, Roche y GeneXpert fue del 0,9892, mientras que la concordancia para Becton Dickinson fue con un índice Kappa de0,9215.Conclusión. Todos los kits de RT-PCR comerciales presentaron elevadas sensibilidades y especificidades, así como VPP,VPN y concordancia. (AU)


Introduction. Since the first cases of SARS-CoV-2appeared, there have been numerous techniques that havebeen developed for the diagnosis or monitoring of infection, both direct and serological techniques. Choosing agood diagnostic tool is essential for epidemiological control. The objective was to compare five commercializedRT-PCR techniques in real time, in sensitivity, specificityand agreement for the detection of SARS-CoV-2.Material and methods. Five commercial RT-PCR kitsfor the detection of SARS-CoV-2 were compared. Eightknown positive samples were taken and subjected to seven different dilutions or concentrations, and another 135negative samples were used to determine sensitivity, specificity, and agreement values.Results. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictivevalue (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for thePalex, Roche and GeneXpert techniques with respect toSeegene were identical, corresponding to 98.21%, 100%,100% and 99.26% respectively. For Becton Dickinson thesensitivity was 89.28%, the specificity of 100%, the PPVof 100% and the NPV of 95.74%. The agreement using theKappa index for Palex, Roche and GeneXpert was 0.9892,while the agreement for Becton Dickinson was with aKappa index of 0.9215.Conclusion. All commercial RT-PCR kits had highsensitivities and specificities, as well as PPV, NPV, andconcordance. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Pandemias , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , 35147
8.
Rev. esp. quimioter ; 29(6): 328-331, dic. 2016. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-158227

RESUMO

Se ha diseñado un dispositivo de nueva invención que combina recogida, transporte, cultivo y detección del estreptococo del grupo B (EGB) sin necesidad de procesamiento ni manipulaciones intermedias, de manera que simplifique todo el proceso. El objetivo ha sido evaluar el rendimiento y utilidad de dicho dispositivo en la detección del EGB en mujeres embarazadas. Se comparó el nuevo prototipo en paralelo con la siembra directa de las muestras vagino-rectales en el medio sólido Granada en placas tradicionales. Mediante la siembra directa se detectaron 124 muestras positivas de 600 (20,6%). Mediante el nuevo dispositivo se detectaron las mismas que en siembra directa y además 10 adicionales 134/600 (22,3%). La utilización del nuevo dispositivo podría ser considerada en la práctica clínica asistencial de rutina para el cribado del EGB mediante previo acuerdo de comercialización (AU)


We have designed a new device that combines sample collection, transportation, culture and detection of Group B Streptococcus (GBS), requiring no additional processing in the clinical laboratory. The objective was to evaluate the performance of this device for GBS detection in pregnant women. The new prototype was compared to direct plating of vaginal-rectal swabs onto Granada solid media plates. Direct plating method detected 124 positive samples out of 600 (20.6%) whereas the new device detected 10 additional positive samples (134/600, 22.3%). This new device (patent-protected) could be considered for routine GBS screening (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Adulto , Infecções Estreptocócicas/diagnóstico , Estreptococos Viridans/isolamento & purificação , 51654/métodos , Streptococcus/classificação , Complicações na Gravidez/diagnóstico , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Bacteroides fragilis , Bacteroides fragilis/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Bacteroides/diagnóstico , Infecções por Bacteroides/tratamento farmacológico
10.
Rev. esp. quimioter ; 29(4): 220-223, ago. 2016. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-156109

RESUMO

Objetivo. Estandarizar la cuantificación relativa por masa de tejido de la parasitación por Demodex folliculorum procedente de biopsias neoplásicas cutáneas de la zona periocular mediante técnicas de amplificación molecular con el objetivo de poder estudiar la posible relación de la aparición de carcinoma basocelular palpebral con la presencia y densidad del ácaro en trabajos posteriores. Material y métodos. Se desarrolló una PCR cuantitativa a tiempo real con sondas TaqMan. La PCR se probó en una serie piloto de 46 muestras reales de biopsias de carcinoma basocelular de tipo nodular. Resultados. La sensibilidad se situó con un límite de detección de entre 1 y 10 copias/μl. El 50% (23/46) de las biopsias fueron positivas a D. folliculorum. La especificidad fue del 100% confirmado mediante secuenciación. Conclusión. La técnica muestra buenos resultados de sensibilidad y especificidad que la pueden hacer útil como herramienta para estudios causa-efecto de D. folliculorum y basalioma (AU)


Objective. To standardize the relative quantification by mass of tissue parasitism by Demodex folliculorum infestation from neoplastic skin biopsies periocular using molecular amplification to study the possible relationship of the appearance of eyelid basal cell carcinoma with the presence and density of the mite in later works. Methods. A quantitative PCR was developed real-time probes TaqMan. PCR was tested in a pilot 46 actual biopsy samples nodular basal cell carcinoma series. Results. The sensitivity was placed with a detection limit of between 1 and 10 copies / μl. 50% (23/46) of the biopsies were positive for D. folliculorum. The specificity was 100% confirmed by sequencing. Conclusion. The technique shows good results for sensitivity and specificity that can make it useful as a tool for studies of cause and effect D. folliculorum and basal cell carcinoma (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Infestações por Ácaros/microbiologia , Ácaros/microbiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/parasitologia , Carcinoma Basocelular/complicações , Biópsia , Técnicas de Amplificação de Ácido Nucleico , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase
11.
J Glob Antimicrob Resist ; 5: 3-6, 2016 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27436457

RESUMO

Ceftaroline is a new cephalosporin with activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). A collection of 17 clinical and veterinary mecC-positive MRSA isolates was tested to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of ceftaroline against recently emerged mecC-MRSA isolates. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of ceftaroline for the 17 isolates were determined by broth microdilution using the methodology and interpretive criteria of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Additional susceptibility tests were performed using ceftaroline M.I.C.Evaluator (M.I.C.E.™) strips. All isolates showed susceptibility according to CLSI breakpoints, with MICs of ceftaroline ranging from 0.125mg/L to 0.25mg/L. MBCs were identical or up to a twofold dilution step higher. In conclusion, all tested isolates, from various sources and belonging to several clonal complexes (CCs), but predominantly to CC130, were found to be susceptible to ceftaroline. Ceftaroline could thus be an option for the treatment of mecC-MRSA infections.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Cefalosporinas/farmacologia , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/efeitos dos fármacos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana
14.
Enferm. infecc. microbiol. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 33(2): 101-104, feb. 2015. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-133233

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: Ceftarolina fosamil es un nuevo antibiótico de última generación del subgrupo de las cefalosporinas. Es el primer beta-lactámico comercializado que presenta actividad frente a Staphylococcus aureus resistente a la meticilina (SARM). El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar los valores in vitro de la concentración mínima inhibitoria (CMI) y de la concentración mínima bactericida (CMB) de ceftarolina frente a cepas de S. aureus, tanto sensible a la meticilina (SASM) como resistente. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio multicéntrico en el que participaron 4 hospitales representativos de la geografía española. Mediante el método de microdilución en caldo se determinaron los valores de CMI y CMB de la ceftarolina frente a cepas de S. aureus (SARM y SASM). RESULTADOS: Se analizaron un total de 266 cepas de S. aureus (95 SARM y 171 SASM). En las 266 cepas analizadas, todos los valores de CMI se encontraron dentro de la categoría de sensible (valor ≤ 1 μg/ml), no detectándose ninguna cepa intermedia ni ni resistente. Las CMI50 y CMI90 para SAMR fueron de 0,25 y 0,5 μg/ml, respectivamente, con un rango de 0,125 a 1 μg/ml. Las CMI50 y CMI90 para SASM fueron de 0,125 y 0,25 μg/ml, con un rango de 0,125 a 0,5 μg/ml. Las CMB50 y CMB90 para SAMR fueron de 0,5 y 1 μg/ml, respectivamente, con un rango de 0,125 a 1 μg/ml. Las CMB50 y CMB90 para SASM fueron de 0,25 y 0,25 μg/ml, con un rango de 0,125 a 0,5 μg/ml. CONCLUSIÓN: Ceftarolina muestra una excelente actividad in vitro frente a S.aureus, incluyendo cepas SARM, por lo que podría presentarse como una alternativa prometedora en el tratamiento de infecciones causadas por esta bacteria


INTRODUCTION: Ceftaroline fosamil is a new-generation antimicrobial agent of cephalosporins subgroup. It is the first commercially available beta-lactam antibiotic that exhibits activity against methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The aim of this study is to determine the in vitro Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) values of ceftar oline against S. aureus strains (including MRSA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A multicenter study involving four hospitals representative of the Spanish geography was performed. MIC and MBC values against both the methicillin-resistant and sensitive strains of S. aureus (MRSA and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus [MSSA]) were determined using a broth microdilution method. RESULTS: A total of 266 S. aureus strains were analyzed (95 MRSA and 171 MSSA). Ceftaroline bacterial sensitivity showed a mean MIC of 0.227 μg/ml (SD=0.146; range, 0.06 to 1μg/ml). All MIC values of the 266 strains tested belonged to the sensitive category (value ≤1μg/ml). Intermediate or resistant strains were not detected. MIC50 and MIC90 values for MRSA were 0.25 and 0.5μg/ml, respectively (range = 0.125-1 μg/ml). MSSA strains showed MIC50 and MIC90 values of 0.125 and 0.25 μg/ml, respectively (range = 0.125-0.5 μg/ml). MBC50 and MBC90 values for MRSA were 0.5 and 1μg/ml, respectively (range = 0.125-1μg/ml). MSSA strains showed MBC50 and MBC90 values of 0.25 and 0.25 μg/ml, respectively (range = 0.125-0.5 μg/ml). CONCLUSIÓN: Ceftaroline shows excellent in vitro activity against S.aureus, including MRSA strains. Therefore, this antibiotic may be a promising alternative for the treatment of infections caused by this bacterium


Assuntos
Humanos , Staphylococcus aureus/patogenicidade , Infecções Estafilocócicas/tratamento farmacológico , Antibacterianos/farmacocinética , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana/métodos , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos
15.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin ; 33(2): 101-4, 2015 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25091384

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Ceftaroline fosamil is a new-generation antimicrobial agent of cephalosporins subgroup. It is the first commercially available beta-lactam antibiotic that exhibits activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The aim of this study is to determine the in vitro Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) values of ceftaroline against S.aureus strains (including MRSA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A multicenter study involving four hospitals representative of the Spanish geography was performed. MIC and MBC values against both the methicillin-resistant and sensitive strains of S.aureus (MRSA and methicillin-sensitive S.aureus [MSSA]) were determined using a broth microdilution method. RESULTS: A total of 266 S.aureus strains were analyzed (95 MRSA and 171 MSSA). Ceftaroline bacterial sensitivity showed a mean MIC of 0.227 µg/ml (SD=0.146; range, 0.06 to 1 µg/ml). All MIC values of the 266 strains tested belonged to the sensitive category (value ≤ 1 µg/ml). Intermediate or resistant strains were not detected. MIC50 and MIC90 values for MRSA were 0.25 and 0.5 µg/ml, respectively (range=0.125-1 µg/ml). MSSA strains showed MIC50 and MIC90 values of 0.125 and 0.25 µg/ml, respectively (range=0.125-0.5 µg/ml). MBC50 and MBC90 values for MRSA were 0.5 and 1 µg/ml, respectively (range=0.125-1 µg/ml). MSSA strains showed MBC50 and MBC90 values of 0.25 and 0.25 µg/ml, respectively (range=0.125-0.5 µg/ml). CONCLUSION: Ceftaroline shows excellent in vitro activity against S.aureus, including MRSA strains. Therefore, this antibiotic may be a promising alternative for the treatment of infections caused by this bacterium.


Assuntos
Cefalosporinas/farmacologia , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/isolamento & purificação , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação , Adulto Jovem
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